Forecasting the Resilience of Mothers Having Children with Disabilities using Family Empowerment and Self-Efficacy as Predictors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64612/ijiv.v2i5.126Keywords:
Maternal resilience, Children with disabilities, Family empowerment, Self-efficacy, Predictive research designAbstract
Maternal resilience plays a crucial role in enabling mothers of children with disabilities to adapt effectively to the emotional, social, and caregiving demands associated with raising a child with special needs. This study examined the predictive influence of family empowerment and self-efficacy on maternal resilience among mothers of children with disabilities in Banaybanay District, Davao Oriental, Philippines. Using a predictive quantitative research design, data were collected from 138 mothers through total enumeration sampling. Standardized questionnaires were utilized to measure family empowerment, self-efficacy, and maternal resilience. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression. Findings revealed very high levels of family empowerment, self-efficacy, and maternal resilience among the participants. Both family empowerment and self-efficacy were significantly and positively associated with maternal resilience. The regression model demonstrated that the predictor variables jointly explained 40.6% of the variance in maternal resilience (R² = .406, p < .001). Among the predictors, self-efficacy emerged as the stronger predictor, indicating that mothers’ confidence in their caregiving abilities plays a central role in fostering resilience. The findings contribute to the growing literature on family-centered interventions by highlighting the importance of strengthening parental empowerment and self-efficacy to enhance resilience and well-being among mothers of children with disabilities. The study provides evidence-based insights for educators, program developers, and policymakers seeking to support families of children with disabilities.
References
Ajzen, I. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human behavior and emerging technologies, 2(4), 314-324. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.195
Aydemir, M., & Önal, G. (2024). Comparison of cognitive flexibility and resilience levels in mothers of children with specific learning disability, autism spectrum disorder, and normal development. OPUS Journal of Society Research, 21(4), 208-220. https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1485452
Beñez, S. (2025). World of Hearing–Impaired Learner: A Case Study on Bullying. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Viewpoints , 1(1), 38–55. https://doi.org/10.64612/ijiv.v1i1.9
Biggs, E. E., Zhang, L. S., & Ling, C. (2024). Stress and resilience of families with children with intellectual and developmental disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed-methods study. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 49(4), 242-261. https://doi.org/10.1177/15407969241263519
Broll, J., Schäfer, S. K., Lüdecke, D., Nickel, S., Lieb, K., & Helmreich, I. (2025). Resilience factors in parents of children in need of care. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 34(2), 353-365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-025-03012-3
Cariaga, R., Dagunan, M. A., Cariaga, V., Sabidalas, M. A., El Halaissi, M., & Bacatan, J. (2025). Rethinking Parental Involvement in Developing Countries: Toward Inclusive and Culturally Responsive Education. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Viewpoints , 1(5), 631–637. https://doi.org/10.64612/ijiv.v1i5.39
Cole, V. J. (2025). Perceptions on Inclusive Education, Professional Learning Community Practices and Teachers’ Collaboration: Multiple Regression Analysis. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Viewpoints , 1(1), 26–37. https://doi.org/10.64612/ijiv.v1i1.8
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
Dönmez, H., Geçkil, E., & Pekcan, S. (2024). The Mediating Role of Resilience in the Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Demographic Variables in Parents of Children with Cystic Fibrosis. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 14(3), 853-862. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1462258
Emamgholizadeh-Baboli, E., Pashaei-Sabet, F., Haghani, H., & Fotokian, Z. (2025). Predicting the relationship of general self-efficacy and quality of life of the older adults with physical/mobility disabilities: a cross-sectional study in Northern Iran. BMC geriatrics, 25(1), 723. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-06348-z
Ergin, B., Ergin, E., Aksoy, N., & Eryılmaz, M. A. (2023). The role of psychological resilience in predicting parenting self-efficacy perceptions of patients applying to breast polyclinic. Research on Education and Psychology, 7(2), 276-290. https://doi.org/10.54535/rep.1340455
Fayız, A. N., & Palancı, M. (2023). Investigation of self-efficacy, quality of life perceptions and resilience levels of parents with children with autism by mediator variable analysis. Education and Science, 48(214), 73-98. https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2023.11962
Ghanouni, P., & Eves, L. (2023). Resilience among parents and children with autism spectrum disorder. Mental Illness, 2023(1), 2925530. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2925530
Gilmore, L., & Cuskelly, M. (2024). The parenting sense of competence scale: updating a classic. Child: Care, Health and Development, 50(1), e13173. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.13173
Hermita, M., Rohani, A., & Suhatril, R. J. (2025). Resilience, Social Support, and Parenting Self-Efficacy: Insights from Young Mothers Married as Children. Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.25217/0020258657000
Kishimoto, T., Liu, S., Zhang, L., & Li, S. (2023). How do autistic severity and family functioning influence parental stress in caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder in China? The important role of parental self-efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 956637. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.956637
Lazaga, R. J. (2025). Navigating the Engagement, Representation, and Expression in an Inclusive Learning Environment through the Eyes of Public School Teachers. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Viewpoints , 1(1), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.64612/ijiv.v1i1.7
Martínez-Rico, G., Simón, C., Cañadas, M., & Mcwilliam, R. (2022). Support networks and family empowerment in early intervention. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(4), 2001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042001
Nyame, I., Issah, M. N., Mante, S., Adjei, C. N., & Baapeng, D. (2025). Parental involvement, self-efficacy, and learning motivation of hearing-impaired students: insights from Savelugu, Ghana. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1705133. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1705133
Pely, D. R. (2025). What Keeps Me Going? Lived Experiences of Parents Having Children with Disabilities. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Viewpoints , 1(1), 56–74. https://doi.org/10.64612/ijiv.v1i1.10
Pratiwi, F., Kurniawan, Y., & Sari, D. P. (2025, February). Resilience on Mothers Who Have Intellectual Disabilities Children with High-Achievement. In 1st International Conference on Social Environment Diversity (ICOSEND 2024) (pp. 839-849). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-366-5_85
Rasoulpoor, S., Salari, N., Shiani, A., Khaledi-Paveh, B., & Mohammadi, M. (2023). Determining the relationship between over-care burden and coping styles, and resilience in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 49(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01465-0
Ricon, T., & Aviv, E. (2026). Exploring Associations Between Maternal Self-Efficacy, Optimism, and Well-Being and Mother-Adolescent Communication Concerning Risk Behaviors. American Journal of Sexuality Education, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/15546128.2026.2618824
Şahin Büyük, D., & Özmen, D. (2025). Effectiveness of a parent empowerment program for parents of children with autism: A randomized controlled trial. Child: Care, Health and Development, 51(5), e70148. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.70148
Sarhani-Robles, A., Guillot-Valdés, M., Robles-Bello, M. A., & Sánchez-Teruel, D. (2025). Cognitive and emotional resilience in parents with children with autism spectrum disorder during coviD-19: The role of promoting variables. Journal of Intelligence, 13(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence13010006
Save the Children Philippines. (2023). Faith and resilience: The role of spirituality. Research Report.
Schwarzer, R., & Hallum, S. (2008). Perceived teacher self-efficacy as a predictor of job stress and burnout: Mediation analyses. Applied psychology , 57 , 152-171. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00359.x
Sharifian, P., Kuchaki, Z., & Shoghi, M. (2024). Effect of resilience training on stress, hope and psychological toughness of mothers living with mentally and physically disabled children. BMC pediatrics, 24(1), 354. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-04828-6
Shuakbayeva, Z., Ospanova, B., Kalkeyeva, K., Orazaliyeva, R., & Nurekenova, A. (2025, October). Replicating the pathways to resilience: demographic predictors, self-efficacy, and inclusive teaching among pre-service teachers. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 10, p. 1640288). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1640288
Singh, K. K., & Kumar, A. (2022). Resilience in mothers having children with disabilities. Chettinad Health City Med J, 11(3), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.24321/2278.2044.202225
Wang, Y., Liu, S., Pu, L., Mao, X., & Shen, S. (2024). College students’ learning experience and engagement in the smart classroom: the mediating role of self-efficacy in the background of COVID-19. Sage Open, 14(4), 21582440241285082. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241285082
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Merlyn B. Jote, Marjorie F. Ibañez
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
